Studying Philosophy: Resources

“Start with broad overviews to understand the scope of philosophy before diving into specific topics.“ (Studying Philosophy: Resources) This quote provides a crucial learning tip, suggesting that beginners should start with foundational knowledge before exploring specific areas of philosophy.
“The goal is not just to acquire knowledge, but also to cultivate critical thinking and apply philosophy to your life.“ (6-Month Self-Study Philosophy Schedule) This quote highlights the ultimate aim of studying philosophy, which goes beyond gaining knowledge to developing critical thinking skills and applying philosophical concepts to real-life situations.
“By actively engaging with the material, connecting with others, and finding practical applications, you can keep your philosophy studies exciting and rewarding.“ (Why might some people become bored or frustrated with philosophy, and how might I keep my philosophy studies exciting?) This quote offers valuable advice for maintaining enthusiasm and engagement in philosophical studies.

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What are the best online sources of philosophical training for those new to philosophy?

For those new to philosophy, there are several excellent online resources that offer foundational knowledge, critical thinking skills, and exposure to philosophical ideas. These resources cater to a wide range of learning preferences, including interactive courses, lectures, and reading materials. Here are some of the best online sources for philosophical training:

Coursera: Coursera provides a variety of philosophy courses from universities around the world. Courses cover topics ranging from ancient philosophy to contemporary ethical issues. Many courses are free to audit, and you can pay for certification.
edX: Like Coursera, edX offers online philosophy courses from reputable universities, including Harvard, MIT, and others. Topics include introductions to philosophy, ethics, political philosophy, and more. These courses are free to take, with a fee for a certificate of completion.
Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers free courses in various disciplines, including introductory materials on philosophy. Their approach is very beginner-friendly, focusing on foundational concepts and critical thinking.
The Great Courses: This platform offers in-depth courses on philosophy taught by professors and experts in the field. While The Great Courses requires a subscription or course purchase, the content is extensive and covers a broad spectrum of philosophical topics.
Philosophy Bites: This is a podcast series featuring short interviews with leading philosophers on a variety of subjects. It’s an excellent way to get acquainted with contemporary philosophical discussions in an accessible format.
Wireless Philosophy (Wi-Phi): Wi-Phi is an open-access philosophy project that offers free, animated videos designed to introduce beginners to philosophical concepts and the critical thinking that comes with philosophical inquiry.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP): For those who prefer reading, the SEP is a peer-reviewed, open-access resource that offers in-depth articles on a vast array of philosophical topics and figures. It’s a great resource for deeper dives into specific areas of interest.
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP): Similar to the SEP, the IEP provides comprehensive articles on philosophical concepts and philosophers. It is a useful resource for beginners looking to expand their knowledge.
MIT OpenCourseWare: MIT offers free course materials from its philosophy department, including lecture notes, assignments, and readings. This is a great resource for self-learners who want a more academic approach.
Academic Earth: This platform offers video courses and lectures from leading scholars in philosophy. The range of topics is wide, allowing learners to explore different areas of philosophy.
YouTube Channels: There are several YouTube channels dedicated to philosophy, such as “Philosophy Tube,” “Academy of Ideas,” and “School of Life,” which offer engaging and thought-provoking videos on philosophical topics, thinkers, and ideas.

When exploring these resources, it’s beneficial to combine different types of learning materials, such as courses, readings, and videos, to get a well-rounded understanding of philosophy. Additionally, engaging in discussions on forums or social media groups dedicated to philosophy can enhance the learning experience by allowing you to articulate your thoughts and learn from others.

As someone not able to perform actions in the physical world, I cannot definitively rank or endorse specific resources. However, I can offer you a variety of reputable online sources with different strengths to explore based on your learning style and interests:

General Overviews:

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/ Offers in-depth, peer-reviewed articles on various philosophical topics, written by experts in the field. While comprehensive, it might be slightly dense for beginners.
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://iep.utm.edu/home/ Similar to Stanford Encyclopedia, provides free access to well-researched articles but tends to be slightly more accessible for introductory audiences.
Crash Course Philosophy: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtNgK6MZucdYldNkMybYIHKR Engaging YouTube series with short, animated videos covering broad philosophical themes and thinkers. Great for visual learners and those seeking a quick introduction.
The School of Life: https://www.theschooloflife.com/ Offers articles, videos, and courses on various life topics, often drawing on philosophical concepts. More geared towards practical application than pure theory.

Interactive Learning:

Coursera: https://www.coursera.org/browse/arts-and-humanities/philosophy Several introductory courses from top universities on various philosophical topics, often with video lectures and interactive elements. Some require payment.
EdX: https://www.edx.org/learn/philosophy Similar to Coursera, offers online courses from universities and institutions, though the philosophy selection might be smaller.
Khan Academy: https://support.khanacademy.org/hc/en-us/community/posts/360060842111-Philosophy-courses Short, free video lectures on specific philosophical topics like ethics and logic. Good for targeted learning on particular areas.
Philosophy Now: https://philosophynow.org/ Online magazine with accessible articles and podcasts on current philosophical issues and discussions. Great for those seeking contemporary perspectives.

Community and Discussion:

Reddit: Several subreddits like r/philosophy and r/AskPhilosophy offer spaces for discussions, questions, and sharing resources. Can be overwhelming for beginners due to the diverse level of expertise.
Philosophy Forums: https://thephilosophyforum.com/ Online forum community dedicated to philosophical discussions. Moderated format ensures respectful dialogue.
Philosophy Discord Servers: Numerous Discord servers dedicated to specific areas of philosophy or broader discussions. Requires Discord app and can be challenging to navigate due to their independent nature.

Additional Tips:

Start with broad overviews to understand the scope of philosophy before diving into specific topics.
Choose resources that match your learning style, whether it’s visual, auditory, or text-based.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions and engage in discussions with others.
Be patient and persistent, learning philosophy takes time and effort.

Remember, the “best” resource depends on your individual needs and preferences. Explore different options, experiment, and find what works best for you on your philosophical journey!

Provide a 6-month schedule for well-rounded self-study training in philosophy.

Creating a well-rounded self-study training schedule in philosophy over 6 months can provide a solid foundation in philosophical thinking, major philosophical fields, and key philosophers. This schedule is designed to introduce you to a broad range of topics while allowing flexibility for deeper exploration according to your interests. The study is divided into monthly themes, with suggested resources.

Month 1: Introduction to Philosophy

Week 1-2: Introduction to basic philosophical concepts and problems.
Reading: “Sophie’s World” by Jostein Gaarder, an accessible introduction to the history of philosophy.
Online Course: “Introduction to Philosophy” on Coursera or edX.
Week 3-4: Explore major branches of philosophy: Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Logic, and Aesthetics.
Videos: Wireless Philosophy (Wi-Phi) for foundational concepts.
Reading: Sections from “The Philosophy Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained” by DK.

Month 2: Ancient and Medieval Philosophy

Week 1-2: Focus on Ancient Greek Philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle).
Reading: Plato’s “The Republic”, Aristotle’s “Nicomachean Ethics”.
Videos: Academy of Ideas or The School of Life YouTube channels on these philosophers.
Week 3-4: Medieval Philosophy and the integration of religious thought with philosophy (Augustine, Aquinas).
Reading: Selected readings from Augustine’s “Confessions” and Aquinas’s “Summa Theologica”.
Online Lectures: Yale’s Open Courses or MIT OpenCourseWare on related topics.

Month 3: Modern Philosophy

Week 1-2: Rationalism and Empiricism (Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Hume).
Reading: Descartes’ “Meditations on First Philosophy”, Hume’s “An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding”.
Week 3-4: The Enlightenment and critiques (Kant, Rousseau).
Reading: Kant’s “Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics”, Rousseau’s “The Social Contract”.
Podcasts: Philosophy Bites episodes related to these philosophers.

Month 4: 19th Century Philosophy

Week 1-2: German Idealism and Romanticism (Hegel, Schopenhauer).
Reading: Selections from Hegel’s “Phenomenology of Spirit”, Schopenhauer’s “The World as Will and Representation”.
Week 3-4: Existentialism and Utilitarianism (Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Mill).
Reading: Kierkegaard’s “Fear and Trembling”, Nietzsche’s “Thus Spoke Zarathustra”, Mill’s “Utilitarianism”.
Online Course: Existentialism in Literature and Film on Coursera.

Month 5: 20th Century and Contemporary Philosophy

Week 1-2: Analytic Philosophy and Phenomenology (Russell, Wittgenstein, Husserl, Heidegger).
Reading: Russell’s “The Problems of Philosophy”, selections from Wittgenstein’s “Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus”.
Week 3-4: Post-structuralism and Critical Theory (Foucault, Derrida, Habermas).
Reading: Foucault’s “Discipline and Punish”, Derrida’s “Of Grammatology”.
Videos: Introduction to Critical Theory video series on YouTube.

Month 6: Applied Philosophy and Review

Week 1-2: Ethics, Political Philosophy, and Philosophy of Mind.
Online Course: “Moralities of Everyday Life” on Coursera, “Introduction to Political Philosophy” on edX.
Reading: Contemporary articles on applied ethics and current philosophical debates.
Week 3-4: Consolidation and Reflection.
Project: Write an essay or create a presentation on a philosophical topic of interest, synthesizing what you’ve learned.
Community Engagement: Join a philosophy discussion group or forum to discuss your ideas and learn from others.

Throughout this schedule, keep a journal to reflect on what you’re learning and how your perspectives are evolving. This will not only reinforce your understanding but also encourage critical thinking and personal growth. Engaging with a community, whether online or in person, can enhance your learning experience by exposing you to diverse viewpoints and interpretations.

6-Month Self-Study Philosophy Schedule:

Note: This is a suggested schedule and can be adjusted based on your learning pace and interests. Remember, consistency is key, so adapt the schedule to fit your available time and energy.

Months 1-2:

Focus: Foundational Concepts & Introduction to core branches
Activities:
- Read: Bertrand Russell – The Problems of Philosophy; Simon Blackburn – Think.
- Watch: Crash Course Philosophy Youtube series (1-10).
- Explore online resources: SEP, IEP, Philosophy Now.
- Join online communities: Reddit, forums, Discord.
- Key areas: Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Logic.

Month 3:

Focus: Ancient Greek Philosophy
Readings: Plato – The Republic; Aristotle – Nicomachean Ethics.
Activities: Listen to podcasts & lectures, write summaries & reflections.
Key thinkers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Stoics, Epicureans.

Month 4:

Focus: Modern and Continental Philosophy
Readings: Descartes – Meditations on First Philosophy; Hume – A Treatise of Human Nature.
Activities: Discuss with others online or in a study group, compare & contrast thinkers.
Key thinkers: Descartes, Hume, Kant, Nietzsche, Sartre, Kierkegaard.

Month 5:

Focus: Contemporary & Applied Philosophy
Readings: Peter Singer – Practical Ethics; Yuval Noah Harari – Sapiens.
Activities: Explore specific areas of interest (e.g., political philosophy, bioethics).
Key topics: AI ethics, environmental ethics, feminism, social justice.

Month 6:

Focus: Deepen specific interest & reflection
Activities: Choose a specific philosopher or topic, write a longer essay, reflect on personal growth.
Remember: The goal is not just to acquire knowledge, but also to cultivate critical thinking and apply philosophy to your life.

Additional Tips:

Supplement readings with documentaries, films, and artwork.
Take notes, write reflections, and engage in critical thinking exercises.
Don’t be afraid to challenge your own beliefs and consider diverse perspectives.
Set realistic goals and celebrate your progress along the way.
Remember, this is just the beginning of your philosophical journey!

Remember, this is just a starting point. Explore different resources, find what resonates with you, and most importantly, enjoy the process of learning and questioning!

Why might some people become bored or frustrated with philosophy, and how might I keep my philosophy studies exciting?

People might become bored or frustrated with philosophy for several reasons, and understanding these can help in devising strategies to keep your philosophy studies exciting and engaging. Here are some common reasons for disinterest or frustration, along with suggestions for maintaining enthusiasm in your philosophical pursuits:

Reasons for Boredom or Frustration

Abstractness and Complexity: Philosophy often deals with abstract concepts that can be difficult to grasp. The complexity of philosophical arguments and the nuanced distinctions can be daunting for beginners.
Perceived Lack of Practical Application: Some may find philosophy impractical or irrelevant to daily life, especially if the connections between philosophical theories and real-world situations are not made clear.
Reading Density: Philosophical texts can be dense and challenging, with historical texts using archaic language that is hard to penetrate.
Disagreement and Uncertainty: Philosophy rarely offers clear-cut answers, and the abundance of differing opinions and theories can be frustrating for those seeking definitive conclusions.
Pace of Progress: The slow pace of philosophical progress, with much time spent contemplating and debating, can lead to impatience.

Strategies to Keep Philosophy Studies Exciting

Connect Philosophy to Real Life: Actively relate philosophical ideas to contemporary issues or personal experiences. This makes the study of philosophy more relevant and engaging.
Diverse Formats: Supplement traditional texts with a variety of formats such as podcasts, videos, and interactive online courses. Resources like Philosophy Bites, The School of Life, and Wireless Philosophy offer accessible content that can make complex ideas more approachable.
Engage in Discussions: Join a philosophy club or online forum. Engaging with others can provide new insights, challenge your thinking, and make the study of philosophy a more interactive and dynamic experience.
Set Clear Goals: Define what you want to achieve with your study of philosophy. Whether it’s to understand a particular philosopher or concept, or to apply philosophical thinking to your life, clear goals can provide direction and a sense of progress.
Creative Expression: Try expressing philosophical concepts through creative means such as writing, drawing, or debate. This can deepen your understanding and make the learning process more enjoyable.
Philosophical Practice: Incorporate philosophical practices into your daily life. For example, Stoic exercises for resilience or Socratic questioning can make philosophy a practical tool for personal development.
Focus on Interests: If a particular area of philosophy doesn’t engage you, shift your focus to topics that do. The breadth of philosophy allows for exploration in areas like ethics, political philosophy, metaphysics, or aesthetics, based on your interests.
Structured Learning with Breaks: Break down your study into manageable segments with clear objectives, and take regular breaks to reflect on what you’ve learned. This can prevent information overload and keep your studies fresh.
Read Biographies of Philosophers: Understanding the lives and historical contexts of philosophers can make their ideas more relatable and engaging. Biographies and historical novels about philosophers can add a personal dimension to your studies.

By integrating these strategies, you can maintain a vibrant and stimulating engagement with philosophy, turning potential boredom or frustration into curiosity and a passion for learning. Remember, philosophy is not just an academic subject but a way of thinking critically about the world, which can be a lifelong and rewarding pursuit.

It’s true that some people find philosophy boring or frustrating. Here are some potential reasons why:

Initial Difficulty:

Complexity: Philosophical concepts can be abstract and dense, requiring effort to grasp. Beginners might feel overwhelmed by technical terminology or unfamiliar perspectives.
Lack of Direction: The vastness of philosophy can be daunting, and navigating different branches and thinkers without a clear path can be confusing.
Unclear Application: Some might struggle to see how philosophical ideas connect to their everyday lives, leading to a sense of impracticality and disengagement.

Learning Obstacles:

Passive Learning: Relying solely on reading dense texts without active engagement (discussions, activities) can be tiring and hinder understanding.
Isolation: Studying alone can make the journey feel lonely and lack the motivation and insights provided by interaction with others.
Limited Resources: Difficulty finding engaging materials or guidance tailored to their learning style can lead to frustration and abandonment.

Keeping it Exciting:

To counter these challenges, here are some ways to keep your philosophy studies exciting:

Variety & Engagement:

Mix up learning methods: Read, watch documentaries, listen to podcasts, attend lectures, join online communities.
Apply concepts to your life: Analyze news articles, movies, personal experiences through a philosophical lens.
Find your niche: Explore specific topics like bioethics, environmental philosophy, feminism that resonate with your interests.

Active Learning & Connection:

Discuss with others: Engage in dialogues with friends, join study groups, participate in online forums.
Write and reflect: Keep a journal to analyze readings, write essays, express your own thoughts and questions.
Seek guidance: Find a mentor, enroll in online courses, attend workshops to stay motivated and gain direction.

Remember:

Start small: Choose manageable topics and build your knowledge gradually.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions: Curiosity is key to learning and exploring different perspectives.
Embrace the journey: Philosophy is a lifelong pursuit, enjoy the process of questioning, analyzing, and growing your understanding.

By actively engaging with the material, connecting with others, and finding practical applications, you can keep your philosophy studies exciting and rewarding. Most importantly, have fun on your philosophical journey!

Describe the emotional disposition that is most healthy and productive when discussing philosophy with others.

When discussing philosophy, adopting an emotional disposition characterized by openness, humility, and curiosity is most healthy and productive. This disposition facilitates constructive dialogue, fosters mutual understanding, and enables individuals to engage deeply with philosophical concepts. Here are key aspects of such an emotional disposition:

Openness

Receptivity to New Ideas: Being open to considering perspectives different from one’s own without premature judgment. This includes the willingness to entertain thoughts and arguments on their merits, even if they challenge personal beliefs.
Flexibility in Thinking: The ability to adapt one’s viewpoint in light of compelling evidence or reasoning, rather than rigidly adhering to preconceived notions.

Humility

Acknowledgment of Limits: Recognizing the limits of one’s knowledge and experience. This humility allows for the possibility that one might be mistaken and that there is always more to learn.
Respect for Others: Valuing the contributions of others, regardless of their level of expertise or background. Humility in discussion encourages a respectful exchange of ideas and recognizes the potential for growth in every interaction.

Curiosity

Inquisitive Approach: An eagerness to explore new concepts, questions, and the underlying reasons behind philosophical positions. Curiosity drives the desire to understand not just the “what” but the “why” behind philosophical arguments.
Appreciation for Complexity: An acceptance of the complexity of philosophical issues, coupled with a desire to delve into this complexity rather than oversimplify it.

Emotional Balance

Patience and Persistence: Philosophy often requires grappling with difficult and abstract concepts that do not lend themselves to quick or easy answers. Patience allows for a thoughtful consideration of complex ideas, while persistence helps in navigating challenging discussions without becoming discouraged.
Equanimity in Disagreement: Maintaining composure and respectfulness in the face of disagreement. This involves managing emotions so that debates do not become personal attacks but remain focused on the ideas being discussed.

Constructive Engagement

Empathy and Understanding: Trying to understand where others are coming from, including their emotional and intellectual starting points. Empathy can bridge gaps in understanding and facilitate more meaningful exchanges.
Critical Thinking Coupled with Compassion: While critical thinking is essential for analyzing and evaluating arguments, coupling it with compassion ensures that discussions remain productive and that participants feel valued and heard.

Adopting this emotional disposition creates an environment where philosophical discussions can thrive. It encourages a collaborative rather than adversarial approach to inquiry, where the goal is mutual understanding and the advancement of knowledge. This approach not only makes discussions more enjoyable and enlightening but also aligns with the philosophical endeavor’s core objective: to seek wisdom through reasoned dialogue.

While there’s no single “ideal” emotional state for philosophical discussion, some dispositions can foster more productive and positive experiences. Here are some key aspects of a healthy and productive emotional approach:

Openness and Curiosity:

Embrace genuine curiosity: Approach discussions with a desire to learn new perspectives, even if they challenge your existing beliefs.
Be open to questioning your own assumptions: Recognize that you might not have all the answers, and be willing to revise your viewpoints based on new information.
See others’ arguments as opportunities for exploration, not personal attacks: View different perspectives as enriching, not threatening.

Respect and Civility:

Acknowledge and respect diverse viewpoints: Even if you disagree, recognize the validity of others’ perspectives and approach discussions with empathy and understanding.
Listen actively and try to understand others’ arguments: Avoid interrupting or dismissing others’ opinions before fully understanding them.
Practice respectful communication: Use civil language, avoid personal attacks, and focus on the ideas themselves.

Humility and Intellectual Humility:

Be aware of your own biases and limitations: Everyone has biases, but recognizing them allows you to engage in more objective discussions.
Acknowledge that you might not have all the answers: Aim to learn from others and be open to new information that might challenge your current understanding.
Be willing to admit mistakes and change your mind: It’s okay to change your perspective based on new evidence or arguments.

Critical Thinking and Emotional Management:

Approach arguments with a critical eye: Evaluate claims through reasoning, evidence, and logical analysis.
Express your own opinions clearly and concisely: Support your arguments with evidence and reasoning.
Manage your emotions effectively: Avoid getting overly defensive or angry during discussions. Maintain a calm and respectful demeanor.

Passion and Encouragement:

Be passionate about your ideas, but avoid being overly dogmatic: Show enthusiasm for your perspectives while respecting others’ right to differ.
Encourage and support others to participate and share their viewpoints: Create a welcoming and inclusive space for diverse voices.
Be open to humor and playful exploration: A lighter, more playful approach can sometimes enhance understanding and make discussions more enjoyable.

Remember, the “best” emotional state depends on the context and individuals involved. The goal is to create a space for respectful dialogue, intellectual growth, and mutual understanding. By adopting these dispositions, you can contribute to productive and rewarding philosophical discussions.